Protection of Refugee Children in India

This note is an attempt to illustrate the role played by the Indian judiciary in protecting refugee children and their interests in the context of India not being a party to the Refugee Convention or its Protocol. Along with this, the efforts taken by the Supreme Court of India in bridging the gap between India’s international obligations and domestic laws, both treaty-based and customary, are mentioned briefly. In doing so, the lack of focused discussion of article 22 of the Convention on the Rights of the Child in protecting unaccompanied and separated children and their interests is also mentioned. The article calls for a more meaningful discussion of these issues in the future.Cette note tente d’illustrer le rôle joué par l’appareil judiciaire indien pour la protection des enfants réfugiés et de leurs intérêts, avec comme contexte, le fait que l’Inde n’est pas signataire de la Convention sur les réfugiés ou de son Protocole. Par la même occasion, une brève mention est faite des efforts déployés par la Cour suprême de l’Inde pour combler le fossé séparant les obligations internationales de l’Inde et les lois domestiques, à la fois celles fondées sur des traités que celles découlant du droit coutumier. Ce faisant, référence est aussi faite à l’absence de discussions sérieuses dans l’article 22 de la Convention relative aux droits de l’enfant de la protection des enfants non-accompagnés et séparés et de leurs intérêts. L’article réclame des discussions plus sérieuses sur ces sujets à l’avenir

Various Stages that Emerge in the Short Stories of Ku. Azhagirisamy

When looking at the literary pop of the Tamil short story world. K. Alagirisamy, who wrote the life of the common people in the society through short stories as the best literature. It is noteworthy that his literary work contributed greatly to the development of short stories. His stories are about the shadow of the people who browse everyday in this society and their experiences. Ott has recorded a whole lot of stories. Literature is the reflection of the whole life of human society in written form, like images that reflect in a mirror. Although a creator is not fully told about society, many works have come out that speak to a few problems within the same society. To all people born into the community. It is natural for everyone to have many trials and tribulations. Not all experiences are the same for everyone.  Everyone's experiences are different. Each of these experiences can tell a whole new, new chapter. Characteristics of different human beings in society. Men, women and children each have their own mental flow at all stages as they age Their mental flow at all levels varies in each story. Has revealed.  In that way we can see that K. Alagirisamy has narrated various stages in the society through his short stories.  Move with this in focus.  The environment, the excitement of the city people, the cruelty of hunger.  The condition of the charcoal area. As highlighting the lives of ordinary human beings. This review is to explore these

k-RNN: Extending NN-heuristics for the TSP

In this paper we present an extension of existing Nearest-Neighbor heuristics to an algorithm called k-Repetitive-Nearest-Neighbor. The idea is to start with a tour of k nodes and then perform a Nearest-Neighbor search from there on. After doing this for all permutations of k nodes the result gets selected as the shortest tour found. Experimental results show that for 2-RNN the solutions quality remains relatively stable between about 10% to 40% above the optimum

Electromechanical and Dynamic Characterization of In-House-Fabricated Amplified Piezo Actuator

A diamond-shaped amplified piezo actuator (APA) fabricated using six multilayered piezo stacks with maximum displacement of 173 μm at 175V and the amplification factor of 4.3. The dynamic characterization of the actuator was carried out at different frequencies (100 Hz–1 kHz) and at different AC voltages (20V–40V). The actuator response over this frequency range was found neat, without attenuation of the signal. Numerical modeling of multilayered stack actuator was carried out using empirical equations, and the electromechanical analysis was carried out using ABAQUS software. The block force of the APA was 81 N, calculated by electromechanical analysis. This is similar to that calculated by dynamic characterization method

An improved Gaussian Mixture Model with post-processing for multiple object detection in surveillance video analytics

Gaussian Mixture Model (GMM) is an effective method for extracting foreground objects from video sequences. However, GMM fails to detect the object in challenging scenarios like the presence of shadow, occlusion, complex backgrounds, etc. To handle these challenges, intrinsic and extrinsic enhancement is required in traditional GMM. This paper presents a novel framework that combines improved GMM with postprocessing for multiple object detection. In the proposed system, GMM with parameter initialization is considered an intrinsic improvement. Video preprocessing and postprocessing are considered extrinsic improvements. Integration of morphological operation with GMM helps for better segmentation than traditional GMM, and it also helps to increase detection performance by reducing false positives. Video preprocessing is the process of noise removal that prepares input video ready for further processing. In the final step gradient of morphological operations is used for postprocessing. The proposed approach was tested on challenging surveillance video sequences from benchmark datasets such as PETS 2009 and CD 2014(Change Detection). The experimental results are compared using ground truth and performance evaluation metrics. The results show that the proposed approach performs better than GMM, and the method can detect the object effectively even in illumination variation and partial occlusion

In vitro regeneration of plantlets from leaf segments of Pupalia lappacea (L.) Juss. for mass propagation

The in vitro study was carried out to standardize the protocol for induction of callus, proliferation of shoots, initiation of roots, and plant regeneration in Pupalia lappacea (L.) Juss. using the artificial nutrient culture medium. Maximum callus induction (76%) from the young leaf explants was achieved by using MS medium supplemented with 0.5 mg L-1 of 2, 4-D and 2.5 mg L-1 of NAA. The maximum shoot induction (78%) was observed on MS medium containing 2.0 mg/L of BAP and 0.8 mg/L of GA3. The highest root initiation (70%) was obtained on MS medium with IBA (1.2 mg L-1) and IAA (0.5 mg L-1). The acclimation process was successfully completed in the garden soil with a better survival rate (72%)